Long COVID & Post-Viral Syndrome

Long COVID is a measurable biological disease — not anxiety, not deconditioning. SynergyO3 addresses its root mechanisms: mitochondrial dysfunction, micro-vascular injury, and persistent immune dysregulation, building a physician-supervised protocol to restore function and quality of life.

Recognizing Long COVID Symptoms

Long COVID affects multiple organ systems simultaneously. Symptoms may fluctuate, worsen with exertion (post-exertional malaise), and persist 12+ weeks after acute infection. Individual results vary — Dr. Volpp evaluates each patient’s complete clinical picture.

📅Onset & Duration

Symptoms typically emerge 4–12 weeks after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and may persist for months to years. Approximately 1 in 10 COVID patients develop Long COVID regardless of initial illness severity.

🔬Measurable Abnormalities

Research suggests Long COVID patients may show elevated D-dimer and fibrinogen (microclotting), reduced VO₂ max (mitochondrial impairment), dysregulated cytokine profiles, and reactivated latent viral markers.

Primary Symptoms

Most Common
  • Exercise Intolerance (PEM) — Worsening of symptoms following physical or cognitive exertion Hallmark
  • Crushing Fatigue — Persistent exhaustion unrelieved by rest; often described as “battery drain”
  • Severe Brain Fog — Memory impairment, word-finding difficulty, concentration loss
  • POTS & Dysautonomia — Racing heart on standing, lightheadedness, blood pressure instability
  • Chest Pain & Breathlessness — Dyspnea at rest or with minimal activity

Secondary Symptoms

Also Reported
  • Loss of Taste & Smell — Anosmia and parosmia may persist or fluctuate
  • Sleep Disruption — Non-restorative sleep, insomnia, hypersomnia
  • Inflammatory Markers — Joint pain, muscle aches, low-grade fever
  • Mood & Anxiety Disorders — Depression, heightened anxiety with neuroinflammatory basis
  • Headaches & Migraine — Often new-onset or significantly worsened post-infection

Commonly Overlapping Conditions

ME/CFS Mast Cell Activation Syndrome Small Fiber Neuropathy Reactivated EBV / HHV-6 Dysautonomia Microbiome Disruption

The Biology of Long COVID

Long COVID is defined by symptoms persisting beyond 12 weeks after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Research suggests it is not a single entity but a constellation of post-viral syndromes driven by distinct but overlapping biological mechanisms that may vary by patient.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction

SARS-CoV-2 may disrupt mitochondrial membrane integrity and impair oxidative phosphorylation — the process by which cells generate ATP energy. This helps explain the characteristic energy depletion and post-exertional malaise that are hallmarks of Long COVID.

Micro-Vascular Injury & Microclotting

Emerging research indicates persistent micro-thrombi (tiny clots) may reduce oxygen delivery to tissues including the brain, muscles, and peripheral nerves. Elevated D-dimer and fibrinogen levels are associated findings in some Long COVID patients.

Immune Dysregulation & Viral Persistence

Some patients show evidence of persistent viral antigen reservoirs, reactivation of latent herpesviruses (EBV, HHV-6), and dysregulated cytokine signaling. These immune abnormalities are associated with ongoing inflammation and symptom perpetuation. SynergyO3’s approach targets these upstream biological drivers rather than managing individual symptoms in isolation.

Phase 1

Evaluation & Testing (Wks 1–2)

Phase 2

Active Treatment Protocol (Wks 3–10)

Phase 3

Monitoring & Optimization

Biological Drivers We Investigate

Dr. Volpp evaluates each patient’s complete picture — identifying which biological mechanisms are most active — before any protocol is designed. Individual results vary.

Mitochondrial & Energy Failure

Impaired cellular energy production (ATP) drives fatigue, PEM, and exercise intolerance. SARS-CoV-2 may damage mitochondrial membranes and disrupt oxidative phosphorylation at the cellular level.

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Microclotting & Vascular Inflammation

Persistent micro-thrombi and endothelial injury may reduce tissue oxygen delivery. Associated with elevated inflammatory markers, brain fog, chest symptoms, and small fiber neuropathy presentations.

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Immune Dysregulation & Viral Reservoir

Ongoing immune activation, reactivated latent viruses (EBV, HHV-6), and dysregulated cytokine signaling may perpetuate symptoms months after the initial infection has resolved.

Therapies Used in Long COVID Protocols

All protocols are physician-designed and supervised by Dr. Heather Volpp, MD. Therapies are selected based on each patient’s evaluation. Results may vary — these therapies are not FDA-approved to treat Long COVID.

Primary Protocol

EBOO Ozone Therapy

Extracorporeal Blood Oxygenation and Ozonation (EBOO) filters blood and introduces medical-grade ozone, which may trigger antioxidant enzyme upregulation, reduce inflammatory burden, and support microvascular circulation.

  • May reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines
  • Supports mitochondrial function and cellular energy
  • Associated with improved microcirculation in research
  • Physician-supervised with comprehensive monitoring
Learn About EBOO →
Supportive Protocol

HOCATT Sauna Therapy

The HOCATT combines ozone steam, carbonic acid, far-infrared, and full-spectrum light in a single 30-minute session. May support lymphatic flow, mitochondrial activation, and autonomic nervous system regulation.

  • Supports detoxification and lymphatic drainage
  • May improve autonomic nervous system balance
  • Far-infrared may support mitochondrial activation
  • Gentle pacing protocol available for PEM-sensitive patients
Learn About HOCATT →

The SynergyO3 Patient Journey

Every patient begins with a comprehensive physician evaluation. No protocol begins before Dr. Volpp has reviewed your complete clinical picture.

01

Consultation & Evaluation

A comprehensive intake with Dr. Volpp reviewing your symptom timeline, prior lab work, medications, and functional status. Targeted lab panels are ordered to identify active biological drivers.

Weeks 1–2
02

Physician-Designed Protocol

Based on your evaluation findings, Dr. Volpp designs a sequenced treatment protocol — typically combining EBOO sessions, HOCATT therapy, and IV nutrient support at clinically appropriate intervals.

Weeks 3–10
03

Monitoring & Optimization

Functional benchmarks and symptom tracking guide protocol adjustments. Follow-up labs assess inflammatory markers and key biomarkers. Treatment frequency is adjusted as you progress toward your goals.

Ongoing

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes. Long COVID is recognized by the CDC, WHO, and NIH as a post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). Research has identified measurable biological abnormalities in many patients — including microclotting, mitochondrial dysfunction, and immune dysregulation — confirming it as a physiological condition requiring clinical evaluation.
EBOO (Extracorporeal Blood Oxygenation and Ozonation) works by filtering blood and introducing medical-grade ozone, which research suggests may trigger the body’s antioxidant enzyme cascade, reduce inflammatory cytokines, and support microvascular function. These mechanisms are directly relevant to several proposed drivers of Long COVID. EBOO is not FDA-approved to treat Long COVID — it is used as part of a physician-supervised integrative protocol alongside other targeted therapies.
Protocol length varies significantly by individual. Initial protocols at SynergyO3 typically involve 6–12 EBOO sessions over 8–12 weeks, combined with adjunct therapies and monitoring labs. Dr. Volpp adjusts the protocol based on your response and functional benchmarks. Some patients require longer protocols — individual results vary and cannot be guaranteed.
Absolutely. SynergyO3’s approach is integrative, not oppositional. Dr. Volpp works alongside your existing care team, complements your current medications and treatments, and can coordinate with your primary care physician or specialist as needed. We do not ask patients to discontinue conventional care.

Ready to Investigate the Root Cause?

Begin with a comprehensive consultation with Dr. Heather Volpp, MD — Board-Certified Internal Medicine. Your evaluation will review your full clinical picture and identify which biological mechanisms may be driving your symptoms.

Book Your Appointment →
Physician-Supervised · SynergyO3 Medical · Encinitas, CA · (760) 450-4602
Individual results vary. Consult with Dr. Volpp during your evaluation.